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''Cortinarius iodes'', commonly known as the spotted cort or the viscid violet cort, is a species of agaric fungus in the family Cortinariaceae. The fruit bodies have small, slimy, purple caps up to in diameter that develop yellowish spots and streaks in maturity. The gill color changes from violet to rusty or grayish brown as the mushroom matures. The species range includes the eastern North America, Central America, northern South America, and northern Asia, where it grows on the ground in a mycorrhizal association with deciduous trees. Although edible, the mushroom is not recommended for consumption. ''Cortinarius iodeoides'', one of several potential lookalike species, can be distinguished from ''C. iodes'' by its bitter-tasting cap cuticle. == Taxonomy == The species was first described scientifically by Miles Joseph Berkeley and Moses Ashley Curtis in 1853. The type collection was made by American botanist Henry William Ravenel in South Carolina.〔 Joseph Ammirati and Howard Bigelow considered ''Cortinarius heliotropicus'', described by Charles Horton Peck 1914, to be the same species as ''C. iodes'' after examining the holotype specimens of both.〔 According to the nomenclatural databases MycoBank and Index Fungorum, however, ''Cortinarius iodes'' does not have any synonyms.〔〔 If they are indeed the same species, the name ''C. iodes'' has priority.〔 ''C. iodes'' is classified in the subgenus ''Myxacium'', along with other ''Cortinarius'' species that have a slimy cap and stem.〔 The specific epithet ''iodes'' means "violet-like". It is commonly known as the "spotted cort" or the "viscid violet cort".〔 == Description == The cap is initially bell-shaped before becoming broadly convex and then flat in maturity (sometimes retaining a broad umbo), and attains a diameter of . The cap surface is slimy (in wet weather) and smooth, and has a lilac or purplish color.〔 The flesh is white, firm, and thin.〔 The color fades in maturity, and the cap develops irregular yellowish spots, or becomes yellowish in the center. Gills are attached to the stem and packed together closely. They are lilac to violet when young, but become rusty brown to grayish cinnamon when the spores mature. The stem measures long by thick, and is nearly equal in width throughout other than a somewhat bulbous base. It is solid (i.e., not hollow), slimy, smooth, and has violet or purplish colors that are usually lighter than the cap; sometimes, the stem base is more or less white. The cobweb-like, pale violet partial veil leaves a zone of thin, purple or rusty fibers on the upper stem. The mushroom has no distinctive taste or odor.〔 Although edible, it is not recommended for consumption.〔〔 ''Cortinarius iodes'' produces a rusty-brown spore print. Spores are elliptical, with a finely roughened surface, measuring 8–10 by 5–6.5 μm.〔 The basidia (spore-bearing cells) are four-spored, club-shaped, and measure 28–39.5 by 9.3–14 μm. Both cheliocystidia and pleurocystidia are absent from the hymenium; the gill edge is populated by basidia and their undeveloped equivalents, basidioles. The cap cuticle comprises a distinctive layer of 3–8 μm-wide hyphae that form a layer usually 110–125 μm thick; this layer is less distinct or thinner in old or poorly preserved specimens. Clamp connections are present in hyphae throughout the fruit body.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cortinarius iodes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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